Ouvir o texto...

terça-feira, 31 de março de 2015

"According to studies, the temple complex more than 18 thousand years. He is one of the largest and most ancient ritual and religious complexes in the world. Its construction demonstrates the high level of development of the Armenian people ", - said Vachagan Vagardyan.


mystery Gobekli töpe

Turkey continues to distort history and to assign the Armenian historical and cultural heritage.








As stated at a press conference in Yerevan, chief scientific adviser to the expedition program at Oxford University "Stones and stars", PhD Vachagan Vahradyan, today Turkey is the world community located in Western Armenia Portasar temple complex as a Turkish Stonehenge.

"According to studies, the temple complex Portasar more than 18 thousand years. He is one of the largest and most ancient ritual and religious complexes in the world. Its construction demonstrates the high level of development of the Armenian people ", - said Vachagan Vagardyan.









The temple complex Portasar (on tour - Gobekli töpe) is located on the highest point of the ridge, 15 km north-east of the ancient city of Edessa, in the province of Sanliurfa (historical Western Armenia) in the southeast of Turkey.

He is one of the oldest and largest megalithic structures in the world. The fact that a man-made hill, was known to archaeologists in the last century (in the 60s).







And since the mid 90's Istanbul Branch of the German Archaeological Institute began excavations here, and already the first located on the surface of the stone, it was concluded that they were from the Stone Age. It is not only the most ancient cult, but also the largest to date megalithic structures. It has been dubbed the "Turkish Stonehenge," though, because it is more than 12,000 years old, he is 7,000 years older than the famous Stonehenge located in England. And it's built on a 5 and a half thousand years earlier than the first cities of Mesopotamia, we know from history books.

GEBEKLI Tepe is a perfect smooth circles, lined with rectangular stone blocks, from which rise dozens of giant T-shaped pillars, carved from limestone. Columns up to 50 tons up to 5 m in height. They brought in and installed manually. After all, even the home pack animals did not yet exist. The floors in the buildings are made of limestone, and along the walls, apparently, were located stone benches. T-shaped columns are decorated with intricate carvings. They depict foxes, snakes, wild boars, cranes, lions, vultures and other birds and animals.



 

Discovered and being similar in appearance to the people, but they are always depicted without eyes, nose and mouth. Most of the images carved on the surface of the pillars in the form of relief. But there are Amazing three-dimensional sculpture. One of the most striking - the lion comes down the column. All these reliefs are quite unique and suggest that primitive people have a high level of artistic taste and refinement of perceiving the world.

The first stone was dug shepherd in 1994. The following year, in Gebekli Tepe with a group of archaeologists arrived German archaeologist Klaus Schmidt, who still heads the excavations. As he says Schmidt: "When I first saw this place, I realized that I had two options: either to leave here and say nothing to anyone, or a lifetime to explore this place."

Riddle Gebekli Tepe no less amazing than the mysteries of the pyramids, but much older. Scientists can only guess that it was a ritual structure, but it is not known what caused the ancient people to come together and build a truly colossal structure.





Among researchers and enthusiasts appear a variety of assumptions, from mundane to the extraordinary. Some believe that Gebekli Tepe was not a temple but a place where people lived, while others put forward the idea of ​​intervention alien races in the history of the Earth and the construction of this complex aliens. There are opinions that Gebekli Tepe was the Garden of Eden, or the prototype of Noah's ark.

Russian historian Gennady Klimov CONSIDERS that Gebekli Tepe and similar buildings erected on the territory of Russia the same race. He confirmed his theory by the fact that in the IX millennium BC there was no way the Black Sea and from the Russian steppes in these glacial edge was free.

We are accustomed to the idea that first appeared agriculture, and then - settlements, but Gebekli Tepe and in this issue of global changes our understanding of the ancient people. Scientists have found that for the erection of such a monumental building at the same time had to collect at least 500 people. That is, all these people lived together.

Scientists suggest that it is the construction of this temple played an important role in the transition to agriculture, and hence to the birth of civilization in the usual representation. Once the ancient people gathered together, went to live at one point, it became difficult to feed as many workers and pilgrims. And perhaps that is what pushed them to the domestication of wild plants and animals.






All conclusions about the temple complex Gebekli Tepe are preliminary, as the excavations are only 5% of its territory. Archaeologists believe that the study will continue for about 50 years. The dating of the investigated part carries the end layer III to IX millennium BC. e., and its beginning - to the XI millennium BC. e. or earlier. Layer II refers to the VIII-IX millennium BC. e.

Since the complex appeared before the Neolithic revolution, the origin in the region of agriculture and animal husbandry should, apparently, be attributed to the post-IX millennium BC. e. At the same time the construction of such a grand structure demanded efforts of a large number of people and a particular social organization. For the Mesolithic is uncharacteristic. It is estimated that for the manufacture and delivery of columns weighing 10-20 tons from the quarry to the construction of that share up to 500 m, in the absence of draft animals required the efforts of 500 people.

In fact, some columns weigh up to 50 tons, thus people had more. Even suggest that such work used slave labor, which is also unusual for a community of hunters and gatherers. Such work required systematic efforts and the availability of social hierarchy, in which many people were subordinated to a religious or military leaders, and religious leaders should then monitor the implementation of rituals. In this case, the very existence of the temple complex in the historical era so far indicates social stratification at a very early stage of development of Neolithic culture.

In the beginning of VIII millennium BC NE temple complex Gebekli Tepe lost its significance. But it was not simply abandoned and forgotten to gradually disintegrate as a result of natural weathering. He was deliberately filled with earth at 300-500 meters. By whom and why it was done - is unknown. The first settlements with adobe houses and bins full of peas, wheat, almonds and pistachios, found in the same region.

Based on these findings, agriculture and cattle breeding appeared in the Armenian highlands around 9000 years ago and from there spread to the east to the west and Mesopotamia to the Mediterranean. And then settlements dispersed throughout Europe and 7,000 years ago reached its western border. From the point of view of well-known archaeologists Gamkrelidze and Ivanov, the Armenian Highland was the birthplace of the early Indo-European peoples.

Comment chairman of the organization, ICOMOS-Armenia director of the Museum-Reserve "Erebuni" Gagik Gyurjyan clear:

- The study of this unique temple will take many decades. It has several archaeological layers. And everyone keeps a lot of secrets and surprises. The fact that this temple is located on the territory of the Armenian plateau, presupposes the existence of the Armenian trace is likely quite impressive. Therefore, the study of this layer is necessary to attract and our specialists.


Tigran Mirzoyan, "Voice of Armenia"

fonte: @edisonmariotti #edisonmariotti
Alexandr Bakulin
 colaboração
Karina Gabuzyan
 

Nenhum comentário:

Postar um comentário