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Brazil: We plant trees, we deliver forests.
Brazil. Lessons learned from forest restoration in the Atlantic Forest.
42 million native tree seedlings planted.
Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica carries out a work.
for the restoration of the Atlantic Forest, which combines monitoring of forest cover and natural vegetation in the biome, production and planting of seedlings of native species, studies and support for scientific research and incidence on public policies.
This complements the other priority causes of the institution, which aims to achieve clean water in rivers and protected areas, with the strengthening and enhancement of parks and reserves in the Atlantic Forest.
Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica is among the organizations that most planted seedlings of native trees and accumulated experience in forest restoration projects and promotion of the biome's revegetation chain in the country, over more than 28 years of work in the field.
This experience demonstrates the articulated work, strategic partnerships and the combination of various activities.
Planting in the field is a medium-term job.
Projects end when native tree seedlings transform into a young forest with the potential to provide ecosystem services and cause a local transformation for water, biodiversity and climate.
But the large-scale restoration, necessary for the recovery of the biome, the collective action resulting from the articulation of public policies, multilateral financing and the business sector, the engagement of rural landowners and their class associations, entrepreneurs in the seedling production chain and plantations, academia and the involvement of society.
There are many lessons learned over these 28 years.
Here, we seek to share our knowledge and experiences with organizations and entrepreneurs interested in forest restoration in the Atlantic Forest, as well as with all people who wish to get involved directly or indirectly, whether through support, execution, funding or research.
Brief history The Atlantic Forest was declared a National Heritage by the Federal Constitution of Brazil, enacted in 1998.
In the same year, it was recognized as one of the five rarest and most threatened biomes in the world (biodiversity hotspot) and, since 2006, it has been protected by a special law (Law 11,628: the Atlantic Forest Law).
Since 1989, the coverage of its native vegetation and its deforestation have been mapped and monitored by the Atlas of Forest Remainings of the Forest.
Atlântica, in a pioneering collaboration dedicated to a Brazilian biome, carried out between the National Institute for Space Research (INPE) and Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica: a government agency and a civil society organization (OSC).
With the first edition of the Atlas, published in 1990, with the participation of the Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (Ibama), it became evident that most of the biome's native forests had been lost.
Only 8.8% of the original area remained. Since then, SOS Mata Atlântica and INPE began monitoring every five years, starting in 1985, to assess natural forests and associated ecosystems in more detail, keeping up to date with annual data.
From the beginning, it was observed that it was urgent to end the deforestation of the Atlantic Forest and work towards its restoration.
The first opportunity came with the Reflorestando o Tietê project, started in 1993, in the Tietê river basin.
In partnership with the Flora Tietê Forest Replacement Association, Pão de Açúcar, Reynolds Latasa, Price Waterhouse, Faresp, CREA, Rádio Eldorado, O Estado de São Paulo and with financial support from Unibanco Ecologia, SOS Mata Atlântica started the project in the lower Tietê, in Penápolis (SP).
This project was conceived as part of the Tietê River depollution campaign.
The idea was to involve people in the solution of two serious problems in the Tietê basin: the issue of garbage in the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, through the selective collection of aluminum cans, and the lack of riparian forests in the interior: problems identified during the campaign.
With the incentive for the population to take their recyclable material (aluminum cans) to reception centers around the city, the material was acquired by recycling companies and the sales value reverted to the planting of native trees in degraded areas of the river basin. low Tietê, together with a 'tree letter'.
More than 10 million cans were collected; a seedling nursery with the production of more than 500 thousand native trees installed in Penápolis and the restoration of riparian forests in the region.
In 1994, SOS Mata Atlântica implemented a nursery for seedlings of native species in Iguape, on the southern coast of the state of São Paulo, next to the agricultural school, combining education with recovery efforts.
In 1999, the Foundation promoted the idea of planting native trees, by distributing 230,000 seedlings at toll roads in the state of São Paulo, with the campaign Be part of the landscape.
In August 2000, in partnership with Instituto Vidágua, ClickArvore was launched, a project conceived by the current federal deputy Rodrigo Agostinho (PSB-SP).
ClickArvore was innovative and changed the history of forest restoration in Brazil, starting a phase of greater scale and ambition for the recovery of the Atlantic Forest.
In addition, it took the planting of Atlantic Forest trees into the daily lives of Internet users.
At the beginning of the internet, the program created a simple and new mechanism for promoting forest restoration, which combined social engagement and business commitment.
Internet users entered the program's website, clicked once a day, and SOS Mata Atlântica committed itself to planting a tree for each click, with resources from individuals and companies.
The largest donor to this program was Banco Bradesco, which financed the planting of 30 million trees.
Several other companies and individuals actively participated in this program. The first planting was carried out in September 2000, with 25 thousand seedlings of native trees planted for the recovery of riparian forests in Bauru (SP), headquarters of Instituto Vidágua.
With ClickArvore's experience, a new way of acting with forest restoration began, through the Florestas do Futuro program, which remains until today and maintains its original essence: the Foundation mobilizes resources from companies and financiers and engages owners of land to make available areas for planting forests in the Atlantic Forest.
Why and for what to restore the Atlantic Forest.
The United Nations General Assembly defined the period 2021-2030 as the Decade of Ecosystem Restoration, being “a call for the protection and revitalization of ecosystems around the world, for the benefit of people and nature.
It aims to stop the degradation of ecosystems and restore them to achieve global goals.”
The initiative starts from the realization that a large part of the planet's ecosystems are degraded and threatened and that the growing pressure on the world's natural resources is affecting the well-being of 40% of the global population.
The United Nations (UN) expects the Decade to create millions of new jobs by 2030, generate returns of more than $7 trillion every year, and help eliminate poverty and hunger.
Forests are among the most threatened ecosystems in the world, and their conservation and recovery are fundamental for the conservation of biodiversity, for human health and for climate regulation on a planetary, regional and local scale.
Furthermore, ending deforestation and restoring ecosystems are among the nature-based solutions to achieving the 1.5°C global warming target by the end of the 21st century.
These are contributions to the Paris Agreement that Brazil can achieve with less effort, faster and respecting our vocation as an environmental power, especially when compared to the definitive replacement of fossil fuels.
In this context, the Atlantic Forest is one of the ecosystems with the highest priority for restoration in the world, considering the benefits for the conservation of biodiversity and the mitigation of climate change.
According to a study published in the journal Nature, the biome is part of a group of ecosystems in which the restoration of 15% of its area would prevent 60% of predicted species extinctions, while sequestering the equivalent of 30% of the CO2 released into atmosphere since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution.
The biome is home to more than 70% of the Brazilian population, accounts for 80% of the economy, encompasses large urban and industrial centers, in addition to being responsible for a large part of the country's food production.
All depend on their ecosystem services, which are under serious threat.
According to the Atlas of Forest Remnants of the Atlantic Forest, only 12.4% of the original coverage of remnants larger than three hectares (ha) and in a good state of conservation remain identified until 2010 (considered mature forests in the literature). Fragments larger than 100 hectares (mature forests) represent only 8% of the original cover.
Adding the fragments larger than 0.5 hectares, regardless of the degree of degradation, Mapbiomas indicates that 29% of the original area of the biome is covered with forests, adding the mature ones to the young ones in regeneration.
The literature points out that the minimum threshold for the conservation of forests in the biome is 30% coverage in the landscape, regardless of their state of conservation. This can lead to the understanding that the conservation of the Atlantic Forest is advanced and on a safe path.
However, the most recent literature points to the following situation: the total area of forests in the biome remains stable, with the loss of mature forests and the regeneration and loss of young forests.
The distribution of fragments and regeneration are uneven, with regions with low forest cover. As a result, forests continue on a high-threat route, with increasing isolation and degradation of their more mature fragments. The biome's forests are at risk and are not on a safe conservation path. It is critical to fight deforestation of mature and young forests and encourage large-scale restoration.
Forest restoration is also linked to the conservation of water and protected areas, other priority causes of SOS Mata Atlântica.
The recovery of the Atlantic Forest plays a fundamental role in guaranteeing the supply and quality of water and connecting the Conservation Units (UCs) of the biome.
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Brasil: Plantamos árvores, entregamos florestas.
Brasil. Aprendizados da restauração florestal na Mata Atlântica.
42 milhões de mudas de árvores nativas plantadas.
A Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica realiza um trabalho.
integrado para a restauração da Mata Atlântica, que combina monitoramento da cobertura de florestas e vegetação natural do bioma, produção e plantio de mudas de espécies nativas, estudos e apoio à pesquisa científica e incidência em políticas públicas.
Este complementa as outras causas prioritárias da instituição que visa alcançarmos a água limpa dos rios e as áreas protegidas, com o fortalecimento e a valorização de parques e reservas na Mata Atlântica.
A Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica está entre as organizações que mais plantou mudas de árvores nativas e acumulou experiência em projetos de restauração florestal e de fomento à cadeia da revegetação do bioma no país, ao longo do trabalho de mais de 28 anos no campo.
Esta experiência demonstra o trabalho articulado, de parcerias estratégicas e a combinação de várias atividades.
Os plantios no campo são um trabalho de médio prazo.
Os projetos se encerram quando as mudas de árvores nativas se transformam em uma floresta jovem com potencial para prestar serviços ecossistêmicos e causar uma transformação local para a água, biodiversidade e o clima.
Mas a restauração em grande escala, necessária para a recuperação do bioma, da ação coletiva decorrente da articulação de políticas públicas, do financiamento multilateral e do setor empresarial, do engajamento de proprietários rurais e suas associações de classe, empreendedores da cadeia da produção de mudas e plantios, da academia e do envolvimento da sociedade.
São muitos aprendizados ao longo destes 28 anos.
Aqui, buscamos compartilhar nossos conhecimentos e experiências com as organizações e empreendedores interessados na restauração florestal da Mata Atlântica, bem como com todas as pessoas que desejam se envolver direta ou indiretamente, seja pelo apoio, execução, financiamento ou pesquisa.
Breve histórico A Mata Atlântica foi declarada como Patrimônio Nacional pela Constituição Federal do Brasil, promulgada em 1998.
No mesmo ano foi reconhecida como um dos cinco biomas mais raros e ameaçados do mundo (hotspot da biodiversidade) e, desde 2006, é protegida por uma lei especial (Lei 11.628: a Lei da Mata Atlântica).
Desde 1989, a cobertura da sua vegetação nativa e o seu desmatamento passaram a ser mapeados e monitorados pelo Atlas dos Remanescentes Florestais da Mata.
Atlântica, em uma colaboração pioneira dedicada a um bioma brasileiro, realizada entre o Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) e a Fundação SOS Mata Atlântica: um órgão governamental e uma organização da sociedade civil (OSC).
Com a primeira edição do Atlas, publicada em 1990, que contou com a participação do Instituto Brasileiro de Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (Ibama), ficou evidente que a maior parte das florestas nativas do bioma havia sido perdida.
Restavam apenas 8,8% da área original. Desde então, a SOS Mata Atlântica e o INPE iniciaram o monitoramento de cinco em cinco anos, a partir de 1985, para avaliar as florestas naturais e ecossistemas associados com mais detalhamento, mantendo a atualização até hoje com dados anuais.
Desde o início, observou-se que era urgente acabar com o desmatamento da Mata Atlântica e trabalhar para a sua restauração.
A primeira oportunidade surgiu com o projeto Reflorestando o Tietê, iniciado em 1993, na bacia hidrográfica do Tietê.
Em parceria com a Associação de Reposição Florestal Flora Tietê, Pão de Açúcar, Reynolds Latasa, Price Waterhouse, Faresp, CREA, Rádio Eldorado, O Estado de São Paulo e com suporte financeiro do Unibanco Ecologia, a SOS Mata Atlântica iniciou o projeto no baixo Tietê, em Penápolis (SP).
Este projeto foi concebido no âmbito da campanha de despoluição do rio Tietê.
A ideia foi envolver as pessoas na solução de dois graves problemas da bacia do Tietê: a questão do lixo na Região Metropolitana de São Paulo, por meio da coleta seletiva de latas de alumínio, e a falta de matas ciliares no interior: problemas identificados durante a campanha.
Com o estímulo à população para levar seu material reciclável (latas de alumínio) para centros de recepção espalhados pela cidade, o material foi adquirido por empresas de reciclagem e, o valor das vendas, revertido para plantio de árvores nativas em áreas degradadas da bacia do baixo Tietê, junto com uma ‘carta árvore’.
Foram mais de 10 milhões de latas recolhidas; um viveiro de mudas com produção de mais de 500 mil árvores nativas instalado em Penápolis e a restauração de matas ciliares na região.
Cultura não é o que entra pelos olhos e ouvidos,
mas o que modifica o jeito de olhar e ouvir.
A cultura e o amor devem estar juntos.
Vamos compartilhar.
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Culture and knowledge are essential ingredients for society.
Culture is not what enters through the eyes and ears,
but what changes the way of looking and listening.
Culture and love must go together.
Let's share.
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